IMMUNOLOGY2026™ Conference Recordings For Attendees-Endobiotic glycolipid structure of gut symbionts modulates host inflammatory response

Endobiotic glycolipid structure of gut symbionts modulates host inflammatory response

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Video Summary

The speaker presented a study on how structural differences in symbiotic bacterial glycolipids, especially lipid A, shape immune responses and gut homeostasis. Using cultured human microbiome strains and synthetic lipid A analogs, the team showed that subtle changes in acylation and phosphorylation produce distinct transcriptomic responses in dendritic cells. Conventional pathogen-like lipid A triggered a rapid but short-lived interferon-beta response, while tetra- and tri-acyl monophosphoryl lipid A from symbiotic microbes induced a slower, more sustained response through TLR4 endocytosis and reduced endosomal acidification. In a DSS colitis mouse model, tetra-acyl MPLA was most protective, and this effect depended on IFNAR signaling. The treatment increased RORγt+ regulatory T cells and helped restrain Th17 cells. They confirmed the findings using B. fragilis mutants with altered lipid A composition. Overall, the work links microbial glycolipid structure to immune signaling and intestinal inflammation.

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Date April 18, 2026 1:30 PM - 1:45 PM

Room 153C

Session Emerging Topics in Mucosal Immunology

Speaker Hyoung-Soo Cho

Track Mucosal And Regional Immunology (MUC)

Year 2026

Keywords

lipid A

symbiotic bacterial glycolipids

TLR4 signaling

interferon-beta response

gut homeostasis

April 18, 2026 1:30 PM - 1:45 PM

153C

Emerging Topics in Mucosal Immunology

Hyoung-Soo Cho

Mucosal And Regional Immunology (MUC)

2026