IMMUNOLOGY2026™ Conference Recordings For Attendees-Tim-4 Effector B Cells Express a Th17-Like Proinflammatory Cytokine Module That Is Restrained by Nur77

Tim-4 Effector B Cells Express a Th17-Like Proinflammatory Cytokine Module That Is Restrained by Nur77

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Video Summary

The talk described two functional B-cell states: regulatory B cells, marked by Tym1 and IL-10, and pro-inflammatory “B effector” cells, marked by Tym4, RORγT, and IL-17. The team showed that Tym4+ B cells produce IL-17 in a RORγT-dependent manner and can worsen autoimmune and transplant outcomes. However, deleting IL-17 or RORγT in these cells caused them to shift toward a regulatory phenotype, including strong IL-10 production and improved graft survival. RNA-seq and ATAC-seq revealed that Tym4+ cells resemble pathogenic Th17 cells, with inflammatory genes poised for rapid activation. A key regulator identified was Nr4a1 (Nr77): loss of Nr4a1 increased Tym4+ cells, reduced Tym1+ cells, boosted inflammatory cytokines, lowered IL-10, and accelerated graft rejection. The speaker concluded that B-cell inflammatory and regulatory programs may be more plastic than previously thought, and that Tym1 and Tym4 may reflect distinct functional lineages or states still under investigation.

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Date April 17, 2026 4:45 PM - 5:00 PM

Room 102

Session From A to X: Next-Gen Targets & Interventions for Alloimmunity, GVHD, and Xenotransplantation

Speaker David Rothstein

Track Transplantation Immunology (TRAN)

Year 2026

Keywords

B-cell states

regulatory B cells

pro-inflammatory B effector cells

IL-17

Nr4a1

April 17, 2026 4:45 PM - 5:00 PM

102

From A to X: Next-Gen Targets & Interventions for Alloimmunity, GVHD, and Xenotransplantation

David Rothstein

Transplantation Immunology (TRAN)

2026